ધોરણ 11 | విષય: English Sl
Paragraph Completion:
Boxing as a game started before 4000 B.C. years in North Africa (Egypt in particular). It was also popular in Greece and Rome. In the late 7th century it got a place in Ancient Olympic Games because it was introduced by the Greeks. Jack Boughtonis is remembered in boxing as 'the father of boxing'. Later amendment in the rules was made by the Marquess of Queensberry, in 1866. After the implementation of the Marquess' rules, it became necessary to wear gloves. He divided the game into time-restricted 3 minutes rounds. The year 1904 is important in the history of the game because of its inclusion in the Modern Olympic Games at St. Louis. Whereas the Women's boxing was played for the first time in the Olympic Games in 2012 at London. There are 4 basic punches widely used in the present-day boxing matches. Their names are (1) Jab (2) Cross (3) Hook (4) Uppercut. There are many popular champions of the game, but the all-time popular international players from the men's group are Muhammad Ali, Sugar Ray Leonard, Rubin Carter and the women's group are Mary Kom, Regina Halmich, Laila Ali.
મેરી કોમ ભારતીય મહિલા બોક્સિંગના ક્ષેત્રે અગ્રણી અને પ્રણેતા છે. સ્પોર્ટ્સપર્સન તરીકે તેમણે અદ્ભુત સફળતા મેળવી છે. તેમનો જન્મ ૧ માર્ચ ૧૯૮૩ ના રોજ મણિપુરના કાંગાથેઈ ગામમાં થયો હતો. નાનપણમાં મેરી તેના ભાઈ-બહેનો સાથે ખેતરમાં કામ કરતી, ઘરકામ કરતી અને શાળાએ જતી. તે ભણવામાં બહુ હોંશિયાર નહોતી, પણ ખૂબ ઝડપથી દોડી શકતી, ભાલો (javelin) દૂર સુધી ફેંકી શકતી અને સખત પંચ (મૂક્કો) મારી શકતી.
૧૯૯૮માં બેંગકોક એશિયન ગેમ્સમાંથી મણિપુરના બોક્સર ડિંગકો સિંહે ગોલ્ડ મેડલ જીત્યો. તેમના ભવ્ય સ્વાગતથી પ્રભાવિત થઈને મેરીએ બોક્સર બનવાનો દ્રઢ નિશ્ચય કર્યો. તે ઇમ્ફાલના SAI સેન્ટર ખાતે કોચ નરજિત સિંઘને મળવા ગઈ. શરૂઆતમાં તેમણે મેરીના નાના અને પાતળા બાંધાને કારણે તાલીમ આપવાની ના પાડી, પરંતુ સાંજે જ્યારે કોચ બહાર આવ્યા ત્યારે પણ મેરી ત્યાં જ ઊભી થઈને રડતી હતી. તેની આ ધગશ જોઈને કોચનું મન પીગળ્યું અને તેમણે તેને તાલીમ આપવાની હા પાડી.
૨૦૦૦ની સાલમાં મણિપુર સ્ટેટ વુમન્સ બોક્સિંગ ચેમ્પિયનશિપ જીતીને તેની કારકિર્દી શરૂ થઈ. સ્ટેટ ચેમ્પિયન બન્યા પછી તેના પિતાએ વર્તમાનપત્રમાં તેનો ફોટો જોયો. પિતાજીએ તેને ખૂબ વઢીને બોક્સિંગ બંધ કરવા કહ્યું, કારણ કે તેઓ માનતા હતા કે પછી તેના માટે લગ્નનો વર શોધવો અઘરો પડશે. પરંતુ મેરીએ તેમને એમેચ્યોર (અવ્યાવસાયિક) બોક્સિંગના સુરક્ષા નિયમો સમજાવીને મનાવી લીધા.
તેણે ગરીબી, સંસાધનોનો અભાવ અને સમાજના તાણાવાણા (ટોણા) નો સામનો કર્યો. પરંતુ પોતાની સખત મહેનતથી તે સતત પાંચ વખત વર્લ્ડ ચેમ્પિયન બની. તેણે ૨૦૧૦ એશિયન ગેમ્સ અને ૨૦૧૨ લંડન ઓલિમ્પિક્સમાં બ્રોન્ઝ તથા ૨૦૧૪ એશિયન ગેમ્સમાં ગોલ્ડ મેડલ મેળવ્યો. ભારત સરકારે તેમને અર્જુન એવોર્ડ (૨૦૦૩), પદ્મશ્રી (૨૦૦૬), રાજીવ ગાંધી ખેલ રત્ન એવોર્ડ (૨૦૦૯) અને પદ્મભૂષણ (૨૦૧૩) થી નવાજ્યા.
તેમની સૌથી મોટી સિદ્ધિ એ રહી કે તેમણે જોડિયા બાળકોના જન્મ (સિઝેરિયન) પછી પણ બોક્સિંગ રિંગમાં પુનરાગમન કર્યું. આ સફળતા પાછળ તેમના પતિ કે. ઓનલર કોમનો સંપૂર્ણ સહયોગ હતો. તેમની આત્મકથા Unbreakable (૨૦૧૩) અને બાયોપિક ફિલ્મ Mary Kom (૨૦૧૪) આજે લાખો લોકો માટે પ્રેરણાસ્રોત છે.
Why should we salute Mary?
Ans: We should salute Mary for her dedication, hard work, overcoming extreme poverty and social prejudice, and bringing international fame to India through boxing.
At what age did Mary firmly think of a career in boxing?
Ans: She firmly decided to become a boxer in 1998, when she was around 15 years old, after being inspired by Dingko Singh's gold medal victory.
Which challenges did Mary face outside the ring?
Ans: Outside the ring, she faced extreme poverty, lack of money for shoes and kits, long bus/train journeys, opposition from her father, and negative remarks from neighbours who felt boxing wasn't respectable for women.
The ninth paragraph starts with the word 'gradually', is it rightly used? Explain.
Ans: Yes, it is rightly used because success did not come overnight to Mary; it was the result of continuous, step-by-step hard work over several years.
List out the weak-points and strong-points of Mary, when she was a child.
Weak-points: Not very good at studies, short and fragile physical structure, belonged to a poor family.
Strong-points: Fast runner, ability to throw a javelin to a long distance, hard punch, determination and strong willpower.
1983: Mary Kom was born on 1st March in Kangathei village, Manipur.
1998: Dingko Singh won a gold medal in the Asian Games; Mary decided to become a boxer.
2000: Mary won the Manipur State Women's Boxing Championship and started her official career.
2012: Won a Bronze medal at the London Olympic Games; Women's boxing was introduced in the Olympics.
2013: Conferred with the Padma Bhushan Award; published her autobiography Unbreakable.
Men who were motivational for Mary: (1) Dingko Singh (2) Narjit Singh (3) K. Onler Kom (her husband)
Awards conferred by Govt. of India: (1) Arjuna Award (2) Padma Shree (3) Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award / Padma Bhushan
Asian Games: (1) Bangkok (1998) (2) Guangzhou, China (2010) (3) Incheon, South Korea (2014)
Words describing her qualities: (1) Firm/Determined (2) Dedicated (3) Hardworking / Patriotic
(c) A leading woman boxer
(d) because of her short and fragile physical structure
(a) He saw her photograph in a newspaper.
(b) Constant ill-health
(c) Her success in various competitions even after giving birth to her two sons
(d) a sacrifice for her country
In her childhood, Mary had the capacity to punch hard.
Till the year 2000, Mary did not inform her parents about the training in boxing.
In the beginning of her career, Mary had not enough money to buy a proper kit.
With a view to helping her family, Mary took up boxing as a career.
After giving birth to her twin-sons, Mary struggled hard for regaining her physical fitness.
Who is Mary Kom? What is she famous for?
Ans: Mary Kom is an Indian woman boxer from Manipur. She is famous for being a 5-time World Amateur Boxing Champion and an Olympic medal winner.
Where did Mary get training?
Ans: She received her initial training at the Sports Authority of India (SAI) Centre in Imphal under coach Narjit Singh.
Which reasons led Mary to choose boxing as her career?
Ans: To support her farming-dependent family financially, and to prove wrong the people who made discouraging remarks about women in boxing.
Why should we salute Mary?
Ans: We should salute Mary for her dedication, hard work, overcoming extreme poverty and social prejudice, and bringing international fame to India through boxing.
At what age did Mary firmly think of a career in boxing?
Ans: She firmly decided to become a boxer in 1998, when she was around 15 years old, after being inspired by Dingko Singh's gold medal victory.
Which challenges did Mary face outside the ring?
Ans: Outside the ring, she faced extreme poverty, lack of money for shoes and kits, long bus/train journeys, opposition from her father, and negative remarks from neighbours who felt boxing wasn't respectable for women.
The ninth paragraph starts with the word 'gradually', is it rightly used? Explain.
Ans: Yes, it is rightly used because success did not come overnight to Mary; it was the result of continuous, step-by-step hard work over several years.
List out the weak-points and strong-points of Mary, when she was a child.
Weak-points: Not very good at studies, short and fragile physical structure, belonged to a poor family.
Strong-points: Fast runner, ability to throw a javelin to a long distance, hard punch, determination and strong willpower.
1983: Mary Kom was born on 1st March in Kangathei village, Manipur.
1998: Dingko Singh won a gold medal in the Asian Games; Mary decided to become a boxer.
2000: Mary won the Manipur State Women's Boxing Championship and started her official career.
2012: Won a Bronze medal at the London Olympic Games; Women's boxing was introduced in the Olympics.
2013: Conferred with the Padma Bhushan Award; published her autobiography Unbreakable.
Men who were motivational for Mary: (1) Dingko Singh (2) Narjit Singh (3) K. Onler Kom (her husband)
Awards conferred by Govt. of India: (1) Arjuna Award (2) Padma Shree (3) Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award / Padma Bhushan
Asian Games: (1) Bangkok (1998) (2) Guangzhou, China (2010) (3) Incheon, South Korea (2014)
Words describing her qualities: (1) Firm/Determined (2) Dedicated (3) Hardworking / Patriotic
(c) A leading woman boxer
(d) because of her short and fragile physical structure
(a) He saw her photograph in a newspaper.
(b) Constant ill-health
(c) Her success in various competitions even after giving birth to her two sons
(d) a sacrifice for her country
In her childhood, Mary had the capacity to punch hard.
Till the year 2000, Mary did not inform her parents about the training in boxing.
In the beginning of her career, Mary had not enough money to buy a proper kit.
With a view to helping her family, Mary took up boxing as a career.
After giving birth to her twin-sons, Mary struggled hard for regaining her physical fitness.
Who is Mary Kom? What is she famous for?
Ans: Mary Kom is an Indian woman boxer from Manipur. She is famous for being a 5-time World Amateur Boxing Champion and an Olympic medal winner.
Where did Mary get training?
Ans: She received her initial training at the Sports Authority of India (SAI) Centre in Imphal under coach Narjit Singh.
Which reasons led Mary to choose boxing as her career?
Ans: To support her farming-dependent family financially, and to prove wrong the people who made discouraging remarks about women in boxing.
આણંદ જિલ્લાના જિટોડિયા ગામના છેડે આવેલા પ્રાચીન વૈજનાથ મહાદેવ મંદિરના પૂજારી/સંભાળક તિલક ગિરી ગોસ્વામીની પુત્રી લજ્જા ગોસ્વામી ભારતીય શૂટિંગ જગતની ઉત્કૃષ્ટ ખેલાડી છે. ૨૮ સપ્ટેમ્બર ૧૯૮૮ના રોજ જન્મેલી લજ્જાને નાનપણથી જ ઢીંગલીઓને બદલે રાઈફલ અને બંદૂકોથી રમવાનો શોખ હતો.
N.C.C. માં કેડેટ તરીકે જોડાયા પછી તેની શૂટિંગ પ્રતિભા ચમકી. તેણે પુણેમાં ભારતીય શૂટિંગ કોચ સન્ની થૉમસ પાસેથી તાલીમ મેળવી. સિદ્ધિઓ:
૨૦૧૦: કોમનવેલ્થ ગેમ્સ (નવી દિલ્હી) - સિલ્વર મેડલ (૫૦ મીટર રાઈફલ ૩ પોઝિશન).
૨૦૧૨: XI સરદાર સજ્જન સિંહ મેમોરિયલ માસ્ટર્સ શૂટિંગ ચેમ્પિયનશિપ - ગોલ્ડ મેડલ.
૨૦૧૩: ISSF વર્લ્ડ કપ (સ્પેન) - સિલ્વર મેડલ.
૨૦૧૪: કોમનવેલ્થ ગેમ્સ (ગ્લાસગો) - બ્રોન્ઝ મેડલ.
૨૦૧૫: ઇન્ટરનેશનલ શૂટિંગ કોમ્પિટિશન (જર્મની) - ગોલ્ડ મેડલ.
તેણીને 'રક્ષા મંત્રી મેડલ' થી નવાજવામાં આવી છે, ગુજરાત રાજ્યની બ્રાન્ડ એમ્બેસેડર બનાવવામાં આવી છે અને રમતગમત કોટા હેઠળ ગુજરાત પોલીસમાં પોલીસ ઈન્સ્પેક્ટર તરીકે નિયુક્ત થનારી પ્રથમ મહિલા રમતવીર બની છે.
How was Lajja different from other children?
Ans: While other children played with dolls and toys, Lajja loved to play with guns and rifles in her childhood.
How did Lajja make our country famous?
Ans: Lajja made the country proud by winning multiple gold, silver, and bronze medals in national and international shooting championships.
Which organization helped Lajja to take up her career in shooting?
Ans: N.C.C. (National Cadet Corps) helped focus and develop her shooting talent.
F (He looks after a Shiv temple, not Ram temple)
T
F (She loved guns, not dolls)
F (She took part in N.C.C., not N.S.S.)
T
an old
even outside India
daughter
coaching
(a) skilled
(b) guns
(c) N.C.C.
(d) Commonwealth Games
Baijyanath Mahadev Temple
Rifle Shooting
Pune (from coach Sunny Thomas)
Silver Medal
Sports Quota (appointed as Police Inspector)
કવિ ઓગ્ડન નાશ (Ogden Nash) રમતવીરોના જુસ્સા અને શારીરિક પ્રયાસોના વખાણ કરે છે, પરંતુ પોતે માત્ર એક પ્રેક્ષક (દર્શક) બનીને રહેવા માંગે છે. તેઓ કહે છે કે રમતમાં ખેલાડીઓ એકબીજાના હાડકાં ભાંગે છે, ઘાયલ થાય છે અને લાગણીઓનો વિચાર કર્યા વગર રમે છે. જ્યારે કવિના મનમાં રમતવીર બનવાનો 'અહંકાર' (ego) અને બુદ્ધિમાની (prudence) વચ્ચે વિવાદ થાય છે, ત્યારે હંમેશા 'સમજદારી/બુદ્ધિમાની' જ જીતે છે. કવિ કહે છે કે હું ખેલાડીઓ સાથે ખાવા-પીવા કે ટિકિટ ખરીદીને મેચ જોવા તૈયાર છું, પણ તેમની સાથે રિંગ કે મેદાનમાં સ્પર્ધા કરવા ક્યારેય તૈયાર નથી!
(a) athletes' heroic deeds
(b) Weight lifting
(c) compete
(d) he is not like an athlete and the athletes are not like him
Many years ago, I met a young fragile girl in a primary school. She wanted to become a weightlifter. After some time, I went to see a weightlifting competition where I met a successful female player of weightlifting. I could not recognize her because she became a muscular lady then. She had done toil to get that body. I asked her with surprise, “How could you overcome your thin and weak body?" She answered with a smile, "I could do it by exercises and food-programme, but now it is not possible to regain that softness in my body."
Pioneer
Boxer
Coach
Professional
Ring
Autobiography
Biopic
javelin : spear
initially : of the beginning
dedication : devoted to someone or something
scolding : rebuke
opponent : a player of the different side
Shahid is a dancing sensation of our school. He has given many outstanding dance performances in various dance competitions and cultural programmes. For his superb dances, he has been highlighted in media too. Due to his dancing skills our principal has appointed him a brand ambassador of our school to promote our school in our town. He has also been selected in the district youth committee from the cultural quota.
appreciate, respect, approve, admire
gymnast, player, sportsperson, athlete
horse, mare, domestic quadruped with mane and tail, steed
decorated cloths, track suit, field garments, gaudy pomp
exchange, interchange, barter, swap
fight, contest, battle, struggle
sports ground, open-air structure, sports premise, stadium
again, repeatedly, reoccur, anew
unpolished, severe, coarse, rough
happy, delighted, pleased, glad
grand → magnificent
playing without any financial gain → amateur
earned from the games → professional
enthusiastic → zealous
fixed share → quota
viewers → spectators
did hard work → toiled
perspiration → sweat
news providers → media
delicate → fragile
once again → anew
(B) This is such an interesting movie that it is rarely found. (C) Such difficult spellings are hard to remember.
(A) As a kid he was so smart that everybody appreciated him. (B) He was such a smart kid that he had got appreciation from everywhere. (C) Such smart kids get appreciation from everywhere.
(A) Cricket is so popular that it catches many viewers. (B) Cricket is such a popular game in India that it draws a huge crowd to the stadium. (C) Such popular games like cricket can bring huge revenue.
(A) The lion is so royal that very few animals behave like it. (B) The lion is such a royal animal that it is hard to find its match. (C) Such sober behaving animals like lions are rarely seen in the forest.
Corrected Version:
Shooting is so difficult a game that it requires a high level of concentration. There are only a few games so difficult to master. Such challenging games attract a small number of players. There are so many factors that disturb the players' concentration. The players have to be so alert that a small mistake can detract them.
such
so
such a
so
such a
such an
such
so
such
so
Lajja: ...You played so well.
Mary: OK. It was such a difficult match to play...
Lajja: ...But you hit such heavy punches... I was amazed to see such a huge and beautiful city.
Mary: Yes. It is so beautiful that everyone likes it.
Lajja: Most players never discuss such topics...